Задания на рациональное заполнение пропусков (rational cloze tasks, разновидность open cloze) входят в экзамены Cambridge уже на протяжении четырёх десятилетий.
Здесь они ограничены пропусками одного предложения (в монологе) или целой реплики (в диалоге), чтобы в основном проверить связность текста (cohesion).
Но "нормальное" развитие диалога с точки зрения пьяного ливерпульского 50-летнего шизофреника, всю жизнь проработавшего наркодилером, очень сильно отличается от того, как это представляют себе 20-летние студенты Гарварда, поэтому представители очень уж разных социально-культурных групп в гости друг к другу ходят редко, несмотря на то, что вам показывают в фильмах и мультиках (спросите психиатров, что они думают о связности текстов в них). Особенности развития диалога между обкуренными 60-летними неграми в Лос Анджелесе будут совсем иными, чем закономерности развития диалога между 12-летними белыми школьниками в британской grammar school.
Мы использовали оригинальные тексты из экзамена KET for Schools . Предполагается, что выбранные пропуски позволяют легко определить смысловые переходы.
Если вы хотите найти больше упражнений такого типа, вы можете перейти по этой ссылке, чтобы скачать их.
ChatGPT или Gemini кое-как справляются с монологами, но хуже — с диалогами. Вы можете попросить их заполнять пробелы целыми предложениями/репликами, ограничить используемую лексику и грамматику уровнем CEFR A2, и с облегчением поймёте, что ещё не скоро роботы смогут заменить трезвомыслящих людей.
Вы можете взять оригинальные тексты и сравнить свои ответы.
Поскольку оригинальные тексты почти всегда состоят из простых предложений, мы не создавали пропуски на уровне отдельных частей предложения (clause-level gaps).
Попросите ChatGPT или Gemini сравнить ваши ответы со своими и перевести весь текст на ваш родной язык.
1
Mother: Sara, please stop watching TV.
Sara: ............
Mother: Sorry, but I need you to come and help me now.
Sara: ............
Mother: Help me with some cooking. I've got lots to do before Saturday.
Sara: ............
Mother: Your uncle and his family are going to visit us.
Sara: ............
Mother: Well, they are and I need to get things ready.
Sara: ............
Mother: Good idea. Have we got any eggs?
Sara: ............
Mother: Great. You can get started then.
2
Josh: Do you want to go to the cinema later?
Mark: ............
Josh: I'm not sure but we can go to the cinema and choose the best one.
Mark: ............
Josh: OK. I'll see you as soon as I finish the maths homework.
Mark: ............
Josh: OK, shall I come to your house at 7 p.m. then?
Mark: ............
Josh: No problem, I'll do my homework quickly. How much money will I need?
Mark: ............
Josh: Oh, great! See you later.
3
David: Hi, Luke. Do you want to come and watch the hockey game this evening?
Luke: ............
David: Good. Let's meet in the entrance to the sports hall.
Luke: ............
David: It doesn't begin until seven, but can you get there by six?
Luke: ............
David: We'll get good seats at the front if we do that.
Luke: ............
David: I don't know yet, but they won't be expensive.
Luke: ............
David: Yes! I spoke to them this afternoon. Do you know anyone else who would like to come?
Luke: ............
4
Interviewer:
Emma: “Yes. There wasn’t one at my high school, Parkplace, so I go to Alverside School on West Road.”
Interviewer:
Emma: “Yes. I finish high school at two o’clock and get home at two-thirty. The classes begin at a quarter to three.”
Interviewer:
Emma: “A twelve-week course is usually eighty pounds. But it costs me sixty-five pounds because I’m still at high school. There’s also a six-week course for forty-five pounds.”
Interviewer:
Emma: “It’s great. The cameras are quite old, but my photos are improving quickly, so I’m pleased. But I’ll never be a famous photographer.”
Interviewer:
Emma: “Well, we did people first, and they’re not easy. But then we took pictures of flowers, which was much easier. We’re going to photograph animals next.”
Interviewer:
Emma: “I’m not ready for a competition yet, but I’d like to take more photos to show my friends. I can use my mum’s digital camera for that.”
5
I always knew I wanted to spend a year travelling before university. I wanted to see the world, improve my skiing, make new friends from other countries and, more than anything, try lots of things I’ve never done before. The first place I visited was France. I’ve always loved the French language and I wanted to study it. ___________________________________________________. I took some cooking lessons at a farmhouse in the French countryside and learned to make lots of lovely dishes. Next, I visited Australia. My cousins live near the river in Sydney, so I had somewhere to stay. To begin with, we spent a lot of time sailing in their boat. ___________________________________________________. It was great — the customers and staff were so friendly. My last country was Japan, where I learned to become a skiing teacher. I planned to do a three-week course. But when I got there, I saw that I wasn’t actually that good, so I changed to a seven-week one. ___________________________________________________. The other teachers were very friendly and on our days off, we did activities like snowboarding. ___________________________________________________. That was quite interesting, but it was cold, so I can’t say I slept well! Anyway, we’re all planning to meet up soon and I can’t wait.
6
___________________________________________________
Connie: “Really busy this school holiday, Tom. I go to a sports club every day. It’s in the park, a few kilometres from the town centre.”
___________________________________________________
Connie: “You can go to the club at 9, but I don’t think it’s so good for children that age. You really need to be at least 11. And maybe it’s less fun for people over 13.”
___________________________________________________
Connie: “Yes! Each day I do something new ... something difficult that the coaches think I can do, even if I’m not sure. And I’ve started to make some friends.”
Tom: “Well, I’m bored playing football with my dad. I want to go out on a boat. ___________________________________________________. I’m a strong swimmer!”
___________________________________________________
Tom: “Oh, good. If I join, do I need to take anything?”
Connie: “Just something to dry yourself with. You don’t need to bring any money because lunches are included.”
Tom: “I’ll need some new sports clothes.”
Connie: “Do you know the Star Cinema on Bank Street? ___________________________________________________ It’s on the road to the hospital.”
Tom: “Excellent!”
7
Woman: “Sanjay, you go back to school next week. Are there any clothes I need to buy you?”
Boy: ___________________________________________________
Woman: “Why didn’t you tell me that before? And is your coat OK?”
Boy: “Yeah, it’s really comfortable!”
8
Boy: “That’s an interesting model, Andrea.”
Girl: “It’s hard to get it right. I made a great horse last time, but this is more difficult. The neck’s too long — it looks more like a camel than a sheep.”
Boy: ___________________________________________________
Girl: “Great. That’ll make it clearer what kind of animal it is.”
9
Girl: ___________________________________________________
Boy: “Yeah — the weather was perfect for sailing.”
Girl: “I know! It was really windy! It’s a shame the sun didn’t come out because I wanted to go swimming.”
Boy: “At least it didn’t rain like the TV weatherman said, and it was quite warm.”
10
Woman: ___________________________________________________
Boy: “Can I have some of those sausages in the fridge?”
Woman: “We’re having those for dinner, I’m afraid. ___________________________________________________ There’re lots of eggs.”
Boy: “OK, I’d prefer that to sandwiches. I have those nearly every day.”
11
............
Great idea! How much are the tickets?
............
No, that bus goes at twenty past.
............
Yes, that sounds great!
............
That's good. Are Pat and Thomas going too?
............
I think John really enjoys watching hockey.
............
Me too! I'll have time to buy a burger in town.
............
OK. When does the game start?
............
That's not a problem. But why so early?
............
12
Alex: “Hi, Maria, I haven’t seen you since Tom’s party on Sunday.”
Maria: ............
Alex: “I didn’t know it was open on Monday! I’ve already been there a few times with my aunt and uncle, it’s not far from my house. But I’d really like to go with my class or a group of friends.”
Maria: “Oh... right.”
Alex: ............
Maria: “We went by coach.”
Alex: ............
Maria: “The museum guide showed us a model of the moon, but it wasn’t as good as the film that we saw about space travel.”
Alex: ............
Maria: “I know, I thought their cakes and ice creams looked great, but we had to hurry, so I just had a glass of juice. I’d really like to go there again.”
13
Boy: “Hi, Zara. Did you get a lot of presents for your birthday?”
Zara: “Yes, lots of great things. Dad gave me this amazing tablet!”
Boy: ............
Zara: “Well, she usually gives me a book. But this time she got me this. Look. We’re going to go camping in the summer and it’s big enough for two people to sleep in.”
Boy: ............
Zara: “He got me something to put on my bedroom wall. It’s got my favourite basketball player on it.”
Boy: ............
Zara: “Yes, and this year she gave me something very useful. Here it is! I can put my school books in it, it’s really easy to carry!”
Boy: ............
Zara: “She gave me this. It’ll keep me warm in winter. It’s black and purple — the colours of my favourite basketball team.”
Boy: ............
Zara: “No. I also got this from my uncle. It’s exactly the right size for my arm. He’s just come back from America and he got it there.”
14
Boy: “Mum, are we still going to the beach tomorrow?”
Mother:............
Boy: “Oh no! I really want to go. Why don’t we go now? It’s a bit cloudy but it’s not raining.”
Mother: “We’ll go this afternoon because it’s going to be sunny then.”
15
Boy: :............
Owen: “There was a problem with the heating, so it was closed. But the birds were interesting.”
Boy: :............
Owen: “They were inside, sleeping, so we couldn’t see them.”
16
Greengrocer: :............
Girl: “My mum needs some lemons to make juice.”
Greengrocer: “I haven’t got any today, and these oranges aren’t very good for juice — why not try some grapes? I’ve got some lovely green ones.”
Girl: “OK, I’ll take those. Mum said not to get oranges anyway.”
17
Boy: “Why don’t you come round and watch the boat race on television with us this afternoon?”
Girl::............
Boy: “Well, it begins at a quarter to three but come earlier and have lunch first. Be at my house at a quarter to one if you can.”
Girl: “OK. I’ll do that.”
18
Mark: “Hi, it’s Mark here. I’m phoning to ask about the first football practice. Which team am I in?”
Teacher: “You’re in the A team this term.”
Mark: ___________________________________________________
Teacher: “Well, your first match will be on the eighteenth of September, so we’ll have the first practice on the fourteenth.”
Mark: ___________________________________________________
Teacher: “Let’s see. We can start at six thirty because the other team will finish by six fifteen.”
Mark: ___________________________________________________
Teacher: “No. We have to use the park this winter. I think it’ll be OK. Is that everything?”
Mark: ___________________________________________________
Teacher: “Oh, don’t forget. You need to go and see Mr Taylor. That’s T-A-Y-L-O-R. Can you do that before Monday? You need to give him your name.”
Mark:___________________________________________________
Teacher: “And the other thing is, we’ll have something to drink there but we have to pay, so you will need money. Is that OK?”
Mark: “Fine, thanks.”
19
Father: “So, you enjoyed the school trip to Edinburgh, Ella. Did you buy that bag?”
Ella: “Yeah, at the market.”
Father: ___________________________________________________
Ella: “Well, Clara bought the ring I liked. She had to choose between that and a book she saw.”
Father: ___________________________________________________
Ella: “Adam nearly bought a watch but then he saw a CD stall.”
Father: “So he spent his money there.”
Ella: “Yeah. He got one he’s wanted for a long time. In fact, Yasmin did buy a watch and it’s already stopped working, so Adam was pleased he didn’t get one.”
Father: ___________________________________________________
Ella: “Yeah. Louis was looking for chocolates for his mum, but it was very hot so he got a cake instead.”
Father: ___________________________________________________
Ella: “Yes, and we went into the shop there. Ryan found a book of photographs he wanted to buy, but it was too expensive, so he got lots of postcards. So we all bought something.”